addict

The noun addict refers to an individual who is physically or psychologically dependent on a particular substance, habit, or behavior. Etymologically, it stems from the Latin addictus, meaning "assigned" or "surrendered," originally describing a debtor who was legally bound over to a creditor. Over time, the meaning shifted from being "devoted" to a practice to the modern understanding of compulsive dependency.

Usage of the term is currently the subject of debate within medical and advocacy communities. Historically, it was standard clinical terminology, and many individuals within recovery communities still use the term to identify themselves, viewing it as an honest admission of their condition and a necessary step in taking ownership of their recovery. However, many health organizations and advocates argue that the label is reductive and stigmatizing, defining a person entirely by their pathology. Critics argue that noun-based labels imply a permanent, essential state that strips away human dignity. Consequently, there is a significant push toward person-first language, such as "person with a substance use disorder," to emphasize that the condition does not constitute the whole of the individual's identity.

Example:
"The documentary explores how the brain of an addict processes risk and reward differently."

Example:
"She introduced herself to the group as a recovering addict who has been sober for five years."